Health Insurance Glossary B

Beneficiary

A person eligible for benefit under a health insurance policy.

Benefit

Amount payable by the insurance company to a claimant, assignee, or beneficiary when the insured suffers a loss.

Benefit Cap

Total amount that a payer will reimburse for covered health care services during a specified period, such as one year.

Broker

A licensed legal representative of the policyholder, who negotiates with an insurance company on behalf of a customer, but is paid a commission by the insurance company.

Back surgery

Back surgery is considered a treatment option for back pain; however, it is not typically the first course of action as most individuals find relief through non-surgical methods. Painkillers, physiotherapy, injections, and psychological therapies are often effective in alleviating back pain. Surgery is only recommended when these conservative treatments fail to provide relief, and after careful consideration by your doctor.

Barium swallow and meal

A barium swallow and barium meal are types of X-ray test. They allow your doctor to examine your throat, oesophagus, stomach and the first part of your bowel. These tests can give your doctor information about your swallowing action. They may also pick up ulcers, abnormal growths, narrowing or a blockage.

Barrett's esophagus

Barrett's esophagus occurs when the lower part of the esophagus is damaged by the reflux of acid and bile from the stomach. Over time, this can lead to changes in the cells of the esophageal lining, resembling those found in the intestinal tract. While this condition heightens the risk of developing esophageal cancer, it's important to note that most individuals with Barrett's esophagus do not develop cancer.

Benign breast lumps

Benign breast lumps refer to non-cancerous swellings or areas of thicker tissue within the breasts. It's crucial to consult your GP if you discover a lump in your breast or experience any unusual breast symptoms, as early detection and diagnosis are key to effective management and peace of mind.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are medications designed to slow down the heart rate and reduce its force of contraction. Available in various types, beta-blockers are commonly prescribed for a range of health conditions, although they are most recognised for their effectiveness in treating heart-related issues.

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression or bipolar affective disorder, is a mental health condition characterised by extreme mood swings, ranging from periods of depression to episodes of elation or mania. It is a significant and enduring condition that can profoundly impact daily functioning. However, with appropriate treatment, symptoms can be effectively managed, offering relief and stability in day-to-day life.

Bowel cancer

Bowel cancer, also referred to as colon cancer, rectal cancer, or colorectal cancer, originates in the large bowel (colon) or the rectum. It ranks among the most prevalent forms of cancer in the UK, with over 40,000 individuals diagnosed with bowel cancer annually.

Bowel surgery

Various types of bowel surgery exist, including bowel resection, which involves the removal of all or a portion of the large bowel (colon). This procedure may be necessary for individuals with conditions such as bowel cancer, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis.

Breast cancer

Breast cancer originates in the breast tissue and may manifest as a lump or changes in the appearance or texture of the breast or nipples. Treatment options for breast cancer typically encompass a combination of approaches, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy tailored to the specific characteristics of the cancer.

Breast enlargement

Breast enlargement, also known as breast augmentation surgery, entails the placement of artificial implants behind the breast tissue to enhance breast size and shape.

Breast lump biopsy

A breast lump biopsy involves the extraction of a tissue sample from the breast by your doctor to examine it for signs of cancer. This procedure is among the tests performed when evaluating a breast lump.

Breast screening

A mammogram is a specialised X-ray imaging technique used to examine the breast tissue for signs of cancer. It is a screening tool aimed at detecting breast cancer before symptoms become apparent. Additionally, a diagnostic mammogram may be recommended if there are already signs or symptoms suggestive of breast cancer, allowing for a more detailed evaluation.

Breast uplift surgery

Breast uplift surgery, also known as mastopexy, is a surgical procedure aimed at reshaping the breasts to achieve a more lifted appearance. While it can enhance the aesthetic appearance of the breasts, like any major surgery, it carries certain risks. It is crucial to thoroughly research the procedure and select a qualified surgeon to ensure the best possible outcome.

Bunion surgery

Bunion surgery is a procedure designed to address a bunion, a deformity of the big toe joint characterised by a bony lump on the inner side of the foot. This condition can cause discomfort, particularly while walking or wearing shoes. The surgery aims to alleviate pain by either removing or straightening the bony prominence.

Bunion

A bunion is a protruding bony bump that forms on the side of the foot, typically at the base of the big toe. It occurs when the big toe deviates inward toward the other toes, leading to misalignment. The bunion may cause friction against footwear, resulting in discomfort, particularly during walking.

Lower back pain

Lower back pain is a prevalent issue, with nearly two out of every three individuals experiencing it at some stage. In most cases, the underlying cause is not severe, and individuals can effectively manage the pain on their own. However, seeking guidance from a physiotherapist or doctor is essential for some individuals to ensure proper management and prevent potential complications.